Polyurethane ichiri kusimukira organic polymer zvinhu, inozivikanwa se "The Fifth Plastic", uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mundima dzakawanda dzehupfumi hwenyika nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanaka.Parizvino, China ndiyo inonyanya kugadzira polyurethane pasi rose, inoverengera inosvika 45% yepasi rose polyurethane kugadzirwa.Kune marudzi akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvepolyurethane, uye polyurethane elastomer imwe yacho.Polyurethane elastomer inoteedzana yemidziyo elastomer ine mamwe mapoka e-carbamate pane polymer main cheni, uye i polymer zvinhu zvinogona kupora zvakanaka mushure mekunge simba rekunze rakaiswa pairi rabviswa.
Polyurethane elastomers inogona kukamurwa kuita thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPU), cast polyurethane elastomers (CPU) uye kusanganisa polyurethane elastomers (MPU) zvichienderana nematanho akasiyana, pakati peiyo TPU ndiyo hombe.Indasitiri yeTPU ibazi reiyo polyurethane indasitiri, iri pasi pemvura yeketani yese yemakemikari indasitiri, padyo nekuguma kwemusika wevatengi.
01 Chikamu che polyurethane elastomers
TPU chigadzirwa che polyurethane elastomer.Zvigadzirwa zvakadai sema polyols, MDI, BDO, adipic acid, uye ethylene glycol inodiwa pakugadzirwa kwayo zvese zvinobva mupetroleum kana ne-zvigadzirwa, uye zviri pasi pemvura zvigadzirwa zvepetrochemicals.TPU ibazi re thermoplastic elastomer zvinhu.Iyo polymer zvinhu polymerized kubva matatu ekutanga mbishi zvinhu: diisocyanate, macromolecular polyol, uye chain extender (yakaderera molecular diol).
Kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa-chinangwa epurasitiki uye zverubha zvinhu, TPU ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekuoma, yakasarudzika michina zvivakwa, yakanakisa yakakwirira / yakaderera tembiricha kuramba, kuita kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa, kuita kwakanaka kwezvakatipoteredza, kusimba kwepurasitiki, kusimba kwakasimba, uye kujeka kwakanyanya.Haisi chete ine yakakwira elasticity yezvinhu zverubha, asiwo ine simba repamusoro reinjiniya mapurasitiki.
02 TPU zvinhu maitiro
TPU yakatanga kugadzirwa neBayer muna 1958, uye makambani makuru emakemikari muEurope neUnited States akatevedzana akagadzira ndokuisa mukugadzira.Mumakore ekuma1970, Japan yakaunza michina yekugadzira yeGerman TPU uye yakaunza tekinoroji yekugadzira TPU kuTaiwan.Mainland China yakafumurwa tekinoroji yekugadzira TPU kubva kuma1980s, asi haina kuwana budiriro mukutsvaga nekusimudzira uye tekinoroji.Mushure memakore ekuma1990, nekuwedzera kuri kuita musika kudiwa kwezvinhu zveTPU, mushure mekunge mabhizinesi eEuropean, America neTaiwan-aitsigirwa nemari apinda munyika huru, mamwe mabhizinesi epainland akatanga kugadzira nekutengesa TPU.
03 Kuvandudza nhoroondo yepasi rose uye yeChinese TPU indasitiri
Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanaka kwechigadzirwa, kudiwa kwemusika kweTPU munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehupfumi hwenyika senge zvinhu zvemazuva ese zvevatengi, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, hutano hwekurapa, kudzivirira kwenyika uye indasitiri yemauto yakawedzera zvakanyanya.Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika yangu itsva yeTPU yekugadzira simba yakaburitswa imwe mushure meimwe, uye chiyero chekushanda kweTPU chakawedzera zvishoma muna 2018 na2019. Kubva 2014 kusvika 2019, chiyero chekukura kwepagore chekugadzirwa kweTPU kwepamba kwakakwira se15.46% .Muna 2019, chiyero chenyika yangu TPU indasitiri yakaramba ichikura, nekubuda kwe512,900 matani.nyika yangu zvishoma nezvishoma yakapfuura Europe neUnited States kuti ive mugadziri mukuru wepasirese uye mutengi weTPU, uye avhareji yekushandiswa kwepagore yakaramba ichikura nekukurumidza inosvika gumi%.
04 Trend Chati yeTPU Kugadzira muChina kubva 2014 kusvika 2019
Yakakanganiswa nechiitiko cheXiangshui muna 2019, hurumende yakamhanyisa kugadziridzwa kwemapaki emakemikari.Panguva imwecheteyo, kuderera kwemutengo weiyo mbishi isocyanate kwakawedzera mutengo wekugadzira wemamwe mafekitori madiki.Nekudaro, vagadziri vakagadzwa, vanosanganisira Huafon, BASF, uye Meirui, vanoramba vachiwedzera mitsetse yavo uye nekuwedzera kugadzirwa, uye nekumhanyisa basa ravo pamusika.Indasitiri yekutarisa inoramba ichikwira.Pakati pevatengesi veTPU vepamba, Huafon Group uye Yantai Wanhua vanotora zvinzvimbo zvepamusoro mukugadzira.
05 Kugovera kweChina yeTPU yekugadzira maitiro muna 2019
Kunyangwe nyika yangu yepamba TPU yekugadzira chiyero chakakwira, haina mabhenefiti muminda yakakamurwa.Kunyanya mumusika wepakati-kusvika-wepamusoro-soro, makambani emarudzi akawanda akadai seBASF neHuntsman ane zvakanakira tekinoroji.Kuburikidza nemhando dzekutonga dzakabudirira, vakavandudza mashandiro echigadzirwa uye hunhu uku vachidzikisa mitengo yekugadzira zvigadzirwa, vachitora chikamu chikuru chemisika yepakati-kusvika-yepamusoro-soro uye yepamusoro-soro.Parizvino, vazhinji vevagadziri veTPU munyika yangu vari kushomeka mune yakakosha tekinoroji mabhenefiti, chimwe chigadzirwa chimiro, uye inononoka kufambira mberi muzvigadzirwa zvitsva, zvichikonzera kusasimba kwemakwikwi emusika, uye zvakaoma kunyatso wedzera purofiti yeindasitiri.
Iyo tekinoroji yekuvandudza gwara, chiyero, makwikwi maitiro, chiyero chekukura, uye purofiti nhanho yeTPU indasitiri zvakanangana nekudiwa kwemusika kwemaindasitiri epasi.
Iyo data inoratidza kuti sechinyakare rabha uye epurasitiki zvinhu zvinotsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nezvinhu zvine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kweTPU kucharamba kuchikura, uye kuchashandiswa zvakanyanya mundima dzakawanda dzehupfumi hwenyika.TPU inonyanya kushandiswa mumapombi, mafirimu, midziyo yemagetsi, midziyo yeshangu, zvikamu zvemotokari, yakagadziridzwa encapsulation, maindasitiri kutapurirana, adhesives, waya uye tambo nezvimwe minda.Pakati pazvo, zvigadzirwa zveshangu ndiwo musika mukuru wevatengi weTPU, uchiverengera makumi mana muzana eTPU yekushandisa.
06 China's TPU yakadzika rwizi application maitiro
nyika yangu ndiyo inogadzira pasirese uye mutengesi weshangu kunze kwenyika, uye kubuda kwayo kunodarika makumi mashanu muzana epasi rose.Iyo tekinoroji innovation yezvinhu zvega chinhu chakakosha chekuvandudza muindasitiri yeshangu.Kuenzaniswa nemidziyo yechinyakare chete, TPU ine mabhenefiti ari pachena mukuita, uye kushandiswa kwayo kuri kuwedzera zuva nezuva.Pakati pavo, ETPU ine mabhenefiti akatanhamara mukusimba uye kubatwa nekuvhunduka.Iyo yega yakagadzirwa nayo inogona kunyatso tora kubata kwepasi uye kutarisana netsoka, ichipa yakakwirira-yemhando cushioning mhedzisiro.
Pazere, iyo TPU indasitiri ine hunhu hwechikamu chepamusoro chemitengo yezvigadzirwa, nekukurumidza chigadzirwa chekuvandudza kukurumidza, kwakasiyana zvirevo uye modhi, uye mutsauko uri pachena wezvinodiwa nevatengi.Naizvozvo, iyo purofiti yeindastiri inokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana sekuchinja kwemitengo yezvigadzirwa, hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza chigadzirwa, uye nhanho dzebasa revatengi.Nekumisikidzwa kunotevedzana kwemitemo yemumba uye matanho akanangana nehutano hwemitambo yevagari, uye kuvandudzwa kwekushandiswa kwevagari uye kugona kushandisa kwezvinhu zvemitambo, kukura kwekuda kwevatengi kweshangu dzemitambo yepamusoro kuchabatsira kuvandudza nzvimbo yekushandisa yeTPU. industry.Kune rimwe divi, mumusika wepamusoro-soro Kune mhando dzakadai secalendered TPU, yekurapa TPU, uye yakakwirira-inodzivirira tembiricha TPU, nyika inonyanya kuvimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika.Nekuunganidza kwenguva refu tekinoroji uye R&D kudyara kwemakambani epamba eTPU, inotarisirwa kupaza nepakati pemakambani ekunze uye kuwedzera imwe nzvimbo yepamba.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-03-2023